| 5.3.4 Elastic 
                    Properties 5.3.4.1 Elastic modulus The elastic modulus E [GPa] 
                    of almost all oxide and non-oxide ceramics is consistently 
                    higher than that of steel. This results in an elastic deformation 
                    of only about 50 to 70 % of what is found in steel components. 
                    The high stiffness implies, however, that forces experienced 
                    by bonded ceramic/metal constructions must primarily be taken 
                    up by the ceramic material.
 Test procedures for determining the modulus of elasticity 
                    are defined in DIN EN 843-2 and DIN EN 60 672-2.
 
 
  
 Figure 87: A guide to the hardness and elastic 
                    modulus of selected materials.
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